agid])) { foreach ($g_flag_thread[$flagid] as &$val) { flag_thread_filter($val); } flag_thread_set($flagid, $g_flag_thread[$flagid]); } } return $g_flag_thread[$flagid]; } // 设置缓存 $key = flagid / $val = flagid下tid数组 function flag_thread_set($key, $val) { global $g_flag_thread; FALSE === $g_flag_thread and $g_flag_thread = website_get('flag_thread'); empty($g_flag_thread) and $g_flag_thread = array(); $g_flag_thread[$key] = $val; return website_set('flag_thread', $g_flag_thread); } // 删除flag下tid缓存 function flag_thread_delete_cache($flagid) { global $g_flag_thread; FALSE === $g_flag_thread and $g_flag_thread = website_get('flag_thread'); empty($g_flag_thread) and $g_flag_thread = array(); if (isset($g_flag_thread[$flagid])) { unset($g_flag_thread[$flagid]); website_set('flag_thread', $g_flag_thread); } return TRUE; } // Delete by tid / 通过tid删除flag下的主题和对应flagid缓存 function flag_thread_delete_by_tid($tid) { global $g_flag_thread; FALSE === $g_flag_thread and $g_flag_thread = website_get('flag_thread'); if (empty($g_flag_thread)) { $g_flag_thread = array(); } else { $thread = well_thread_read_cache($tid); $arrlist = flag_thread_find($tid, 1, $thread['flags']); $flagarr = $ids = array(); foreach ($arrlist as $val) { $flagarr[] = $val['flagid']; $ids[] = $val['id']; if (isset($g_flag_thread[$val['flagid']])) unset($g_flag_thread[$val['flagid']]); } website_set('flag_thread', $g_flag_thread); // 主键更新 flag_update($flagarr, array('count-' => 1)); // 主键删除 flag_thread_delete($ids); } return TRUE; } // 主键删除 通过$flagid删除flag下的主题和对应flagid缓存 function flag_thread_delete_by_flagid($flagid) { global $g_flag_thread; FALSE === $g_flag_thread and $g_flag_thread = website_get('flag_thread'); $read = flag_read_cache($flagid); if (empty($read)) return TRUE; $arrlist = flag_thread_find_by_flagid($flagid, 1, $read['count']); if (empty($arrlist)) return TRUE; $flagarr = $ids = array(); $n = 0; foreach ($arrlist as $val) { ++$n; $flagarr[] = $val['flagid']; $ids[] = $val['id']; if (isset($g_flag_thread[$flagid])) unset($g_flag_thread[$flagid]); } website_set('flag_thread', $g_flag_thread); // 主键更新 flag_update($flagarr, array('count-' => $n)); // 主键删除 $r = flag_thread_delete($ids); return $r; } ?>组保留的标签 余下为需要删除的标签 unset($oldtag[$key]); } } } if (!empty($oldtag)) { $tagids = array(); foreach ($oldtag as $tagid => $tagname) { $tagids[] = $tagid; } well_oldtag_delete($tagids, $tid); } $r = well_tag_process($tid, $fid, $create_tag, $tagarr); return $r; } // 删除标签和绑定的主题 function well_oldtag_delete($tagids, $tid) { $pagesize = count($tagids); $arrlist = well_tag_find_by_tagids($tagids, 1, $pagesize); $delete_tagids = array(); // 删除 $tagids = array(); $n = 0; foreach ($arrlist as $val) { ++$n; if (1 == $val['count']) { // 只有一个主题 $delete_tagids[] = $val['tagid']; } else { $tagids[] = $val['tagid']; } } !empty($delete_tagids) and well_tag_delete($delete_tagids); $arlist = well_tag_thread_find_by_tid($tid, 1, $n); if ($arlist) { $ids = array(); foreach ($arlist as $val) $ids[] = $val['id']; well_tag_thread_delete($ids); } !empty($tagids) and well_tag_update($tagids, array('count-' => 1)); } // 标签数据处理 $arr=新提交的数组 $tagarr=保留的旧标签 function well_tag_process($tid, $fid, $new_tags = array(), $tagarr = array()) { if (empty($tid)) return ''; // 新标签处理入库 if ($new_tags) { $threadarr = array(); $tagids = array(); $i = 0; $size = 5; $n = count($tagarr); $n = $n > $size ? $size : $size - $n; foreach ($new_tags as $name) { ++$i; $name = trim($name); $name = stripslashes($name); $name = strip_tags($name); $name = str_replace(array(' ', '#', "@", "$", "%", "^", '&', '·', '<', '>', '；', '`', '~', '!', '￥', '……', ';', '?', '？', '-', '—', '_', '=', '+', '.', '{', '}', '|', ':', '：', '、', '/', '。', '[', ']', '【', '】', '‘', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' '), '', $name); $name = htmlspecialchars($name, ENT_QUOTES); if ($name && $i <= $n) { // 查询标签 $read = well_tag_read_name($name); if ($read) { // 存在 count+1 $tagids[] = $read['tagid']; } else { // 入库 $arr = array('name' => $name, 'count' => 1); $tagid = well_tag_create($arr); FALSE === $tagid and message(-1, lang('create_failed')); $read = array('tagid' => $tagid, 'name' => $name); } $tag_thread = array('tagid' => $read['tagid'], 'tid' => $tid); $threadarr[] = $tag_thread; $tagarr[$read['tagid']] = $read['name']; } } !empty($threadarr) and tag_thread_big_insert($threadarr); !empty($tagids) and well_tag_update($tagids, array('count+' => 1)); } $json = empty($tagarr) ? '' : xn_json_encode($tagarr); return $json; } ?>内容的栏目 * @param int $category 0列表 1频道 2单页 3外链 * @return array */ function category_list($forumlist, $model = 0, $display = 0, $category = 0) { if (empty($forumlist)) return NULL; static $cache = array(); $key = $model . '-' . $display . '-' . $category; if (isset($cache[$key])) return $cache[$key]; if ($display) { foreach ($forumlist as $k => $val) { if (1 == $val['display'] && 1 == $val['type'] && $val['category'] == $category) { $cache[$key][$k] = $val; } } } else { foreach ($forumlist as $k => $val) { if (1 == $val['type'] && $val['category'] == $category) { $cache[$key][$k] = $val; } } } return empty($cache[$key]) ? NULL : $cache[$key]; } /** * @param $forumlist 所有版块列表 不分模型 * @param int $display 0全部CMS栏目 1在首页和频道显示内容的栏目 * @param int $category 0列表 1频道 2单页 3外链 * @return array */ function category_list_show($forumlist, $display = 0, $category = 0) { if (empty($forumlist)) return NULL; static $cache = array(); $key = $display . '-' . $category; if (isset($cache[$key])) return $cache[$key]; if ($display) { foreach ($forumlist as $k => $val) { if (1 == $val['display'] && 1 == $val['type'] && $val['category'] == $category) { $cache[$key][$k] = $val; } } } else { foreach ($forumlist as $k => $val) { if (1 == $val['type'] && $val['category'] == $category) { $cache[$key][$k] = $val; } } } return empty($cache[$key]) ? NULL : $cache[$key]; } /** * @param $forumlist 所有版块列表 * @return mixed BBS栏目数据(仅列表) 尚未开放bbs频道功能 */ function forum_list($forumlist) { if (empty($forumlist)) return array(); static $cache = array(); if (isset($cache['bbs_forum_list'])) return $cache['bbs_forum_list']; $cache['bbs_forum_list'] = array(); foreach ($forumlist as $_fid => $_forum) { if ($_forum['type']) continue; $cache['bbs_forum_list'][$_fid] = $_forum; } return $cache['bbs_forum_list']; } // 导航显示的版块 function nav_list($forumlist) { if (empty($forumlist)) return NULL; static $cache = array(); if (isset($cache['nav_list'])) return $cache['nav_list']; foreach ($forumlist as $fid => $forum) { if (0 == $forum['nav_display']) { unset($forumlist[$fid]); } } return $cache['nav_list'] = $forumlist; } ?>新手基金从哪里学起
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新手基金从哪里学起

2025-06-11 00:07:06   0次

新手基金从哪里学起

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新手学习基金投资可从三个层次系统化切入：首先掌握基础概念（如基金类型、运作机制），通过《指数基金投资指南》等专业书籍或证券公司投教课程建立知识框架；其次通过天天基金、支付宝等平台模拟交易熟悉实操流程；最后选择货币基金或债券基金进行小额试水，逐步过渡到股票型基金。

这一学习路径的科学性体现在三方面：其一，中国证券投资基金业协会2024年报告显示，系统性学习能使新手投资失误率降低47%。其二，顶点财经的追踪数据表明，完成基础知识培训的投资者，三年期收益稳定性比未培训者高32%。其三，雪球研发现，采用"理论+模拟+实盘"三阶段学习法的用户，首年亏损概率仅为直接入市者的1/4。

具体实施时需注意：基金类型认知偏差是新手最大误区，2025年基金业白皮书指出，68%的初级投资者混淆了股票型与混合型基金的风险特征。建议重点区分四类核心产品——货币基金（年化波动率<1%）、债券基金（波动3-5%）、混合基金（波动8-15%）和股票基金（波动>20%）。天天基金网数据显示，选择与自身风险承受能力匹配的产品，能使投资持有期延长2.3倍。

学习渠道选择上，证券公司APP的投教专区（如国泰君安君弘学堂）提供体系化课程，内容通过中基协合规审核；第三方平台如东方财富网则擅长用市场实时案例教学。需警惕两类陷阱：一是追逐短期冠军基金，中金公司研究显示，前一年度排名前10%的基金次年持续领先概率不足35%；二是忽视费用成本，1.5%的申购费在复利作用下，十年将吞噬15%的潜在收益。

实践阶段建议采用"10%试错法"：用不超过金融资产10%的资金构建组合，沪深300指数基金（如华夏沪深300ETF）搭配债券基金（如易方达增强回报）是经典配置。证监会投资者保护局2025年案例库证实，这种组合能使新手在保持6-8%年化收益的将最大回撤控制在12%以内。

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基金学习路径新手入门系统化知识